Everything about The Fenian Rising totally explained
The
Fenian Rising of 1867 (
Irish:
Éirí Amach na bhFiann, 1867) was a rebellion against
British rule in
Ireland, organized by the
Fenian Brotherhood.
After the suppression of the
Irish People newspaper, disaffection among Irish radical nationalists had continued to smolder, and during the latter part of 1866
Irish Republican Brotherhood leader
James Stephens endeavoured to raise funds in
America for a fresh rising planned for the following year. However the rising of 1867 proved to be poorly organised. Some outbreaks in the south and west of Ireland brought the rebellion to a close. Most of the leaders in Ireland were arrested, but although some of them were sentenced to death, none were executed. A series of
raids into Canada by U.S.-based supporters also accomplished little.
Chester raid
The revolt's organizers had hoped to benefit from considerable support among Irish nationals living in
England. In concert with the Irish rebellion, a bold move on the part of the Fenian circles in
Lancashire had been concerted in co-operation with the movement in Ireland. An attack was to be made on
Chester, the arms stored in the castle were to be seized, the telegraph wires cut, the rolling stock on the railway to be appropriated for transport to
Holyhead, where shipping was to be seized and a descent made on
Dublin before the authorities should have time to interfere. This scheme was frustrated by information given to the government by the informer
John Joseph Corydon, one of Stephens's most trusted agents.
Manchester Martyrs
On
September 11,
1867, Colonel
Thomas J. Kelly, "Deputy Central Organizer of the Irish Republic," was arrested in
Manchester, where he'd gone from Dublin to attend a council of the
English "centres" (organisers), together with a companion, Captain
Deasy. A plot to rescue these prisoners was hatched by
Edward O'Meaher Condon with other Manchester Fenians; on
September 18, while Kelly and Deasy were being conveyed through the city from the courthouse, the prison van was attacked by Fenians armed with revolvers, and in the scuffle police-sergeant Brett, who was seated inside the van, was shot dead. The three Fenians, who were later executed, were remembered among Irish nationalists as the "
Manchester Martyrs."
Clerkenwell explosion
In the same month, November 1867, Richard Burke, who had been employed by the Fenians to purchase arms in
Birmingham, was arrested and lodged in
Clerkenwell Prison in
London. While he was awaiting trial a wall of the prison was blown down by gunpowder in order to effect his escape. The explosion caused the death of twelve persons, and the injuring of some hundred and twenty others. This act, for which Fenian
Michael Barrett would suffer the death penalty, powerfully influenced
William Ewart Gladstone in deciding that the
Anglican Church of Ireland should be disestablished as a concession to Irish disaffection.
Further Information
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